Tarkib Adadi -
ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا ( Thalathata 'ashara ) Thirteen men Feminine ( Imra'ah )
The first part ( ithna ) is treated as a dual noun and is flexible ( Mu'rab ). It changes its ending based on its case using the letters Alif or Ya . The second part ( 'ashara ) remains fixed with a fatha . Masculine Form Feminine Form اِثْنَا عَشَرَ ( ithnā 'ashara ) اِثْنَتَا عَشَرَةَ ( ithnatā 'asharata ) Accusative/Genitive اِثْنَيْ عَشَرَ ( ithnay 'ashara ) اِثْنَتَيْ عَشَرَةَ ( ithnatay 'asharata ) Gender Agreement Dynamics (Adad and Ma'dud)
: These follow a mixed rule: the first part (3-9) opposes the numbered item's gender, while the second part (which is always 'ashara / 'ashrata for 10) agrees with it.
Both parts of the number compound are permanently fixed with a fatha case ending ( Mabni 'ala al-fath ) regardless of their position in a sentence. The only exception is the number 12, where the first part inflects like a dual noun.
Bentuknya tetap (mudzakkar/muannats sama). Ma'dud-nya Mufrad Manshub (Tamyiz). tarkib adadi
Furthermore, researchers exploring the Quran note that numerical phrases are part of the broader "morphosyntactic process" that creates meaning within the holy text. Understanding these nuances is not just about counting; it is about grasping the logic of Arabic thought and expression. Conclusion
The noun that follows the number, representing what is being quantified. Classification of Numerical Phrases
The rules for forming these phrases vary based on the numerical range:
Unlike typical Arabic nouns that change their vowel endings based on their role in a sentence (nominative, accusative, or genitive), compound numbers are (مبني على فتح الجزأين). This means that both parts of the compound number are permanently fixed with a Fatha (a-vowel) ending , regardless of its grammatical position. Syntax Variations Nominative Case ( Marfu' ): Bentuknya tetap (mudzakkar/muannats sama)
The word ' adadi comes from 'adad ( عدد ), which means "number." Therefore, Tarkib 'Adadi is the type of compound that . Unlike a simple noun phrase, a numeral phrase is uniquely defined by its purpose: to count.
Tarkib Adadi adalah bagian sistematis dari bahasa Arab yang menuntut ketelitian. Dengan memahami aturan kesesuaian/pertentangan gender dan bentuk tamyiz (jamak majrur atau mufrad manshub), Anda akan lebih percaya diri dalam membuat kalimat hitungan.
11 Pr: Ihda 'Asyrotan Imro'atan (إِحْدَى عَشْرَةَ امْرَأَةً)
Understanding Tarkib Adadi is essential for anyone mastering the Arabic language, interpreting classical texts, or conducting precise Quranic linguistic analysis. This comprehensive guide breaks down the structural mechanics, rules of gender agreement, grammatical parsing ( I'rab ), and its differences from adjacent Arabic numerical structures. What is Tarkib Adadi? Core Concept of Tarkib Adadi
Example (11) : أَحَدَ عَشَرَ كَوْكَبًا ( Ahada 'ashara kawkaban — Eleven stars)
To understand the rules of Tarkib Adadi, we must first classify the numbers in Arabic. They are divided into several categories, each with its own set of rules.
(numerical phrase) is a fundamental concept in Arabic grammar ( Nahwu ) and terminology creation, referring to the merging of two or more words to form a new numerical term without reducing the original components. It is a specific type of Tarkib (synthesis or phrase-making), distinct from other forms like Tarkib Idafi (possessive phrases) or Tarkib Wasfi (adjective phrases). Core Concept of Tarkib Adadi